Overview Of Chicago Blues Music Essay

Overview Of Chicago Blues Music Essay Chicago blues is a form of blues music that developed in Chicago, Illinois. It is also referred to as urban blues or electric blues What Is the Blues, n.d.. Chicago blues replaced acoustic instruments with amplified versions and the basic guitar/harmonica duo of Delta blues turned into a full band with amplified guitar, amplified bass guitar, drums, piano, and sometimes saxophone and trumpet (Gordon, n.d.). What we consider to be the classic Chicago blues sound today developed during the 1940s and 50s (Gordon, n.d.). The twelve-bar form, variations on the blues chord progression, and emotive lyrical content remain relatively unchanged today (What Is the Blues, n.d.). Chicago blues was strongly influenced by soul, rhythm and blues, and rock music (Gordon, n.d.). A lot influenced Chicago blues. The earliest geographic origins of the blues are uncertain, given the multiple versions appearing across the African American South near the turn of the century. In Chicago, the emergence of blues culture in the 1920s coincided with increased musical performance and recording nationwide and paralleled the dramatic growth of black urban enclaves during the Great Migration (Green, Keil, and Palmer, n.d.). The Great Migration that lasted from 1910 to 1970, where African-American workers moved from the South to the industrial cities of the North (Hahn et. al., 2009). During World War II, more and more African-Americans migrated to northern states like St. Louis, Detroit, and Chicago to find jobs and better opportunities for their families (Gordon, n.d.). After World War II, musicians starting using electrified instruments, Chicago was the first to use these (What Is the Blues, n.d.). In the 1940s, some blues musicians started using the saxophone, but the p reference was for amplified harmonicas, especially in Chicago (What Is the Blues, Blues 3 n.d.). The Chicago blues sounded more full-bodied than its country cousin, the music pulling from broader musical possibilities, reaching beyond the standard six-note blues scale to incorporate major scale notes (Gordon, n.d.). The west side Chicago blues sound was characterized by a more fluid, jazz-influenced style of guitar playing and a full-blown horn section, while the south side blues sound was often more raw and raucous (Gordon, n.d.). In the 1950s Chicago was a prime center of blues recording (What Is the Blues, n.d.). There were a certain number of record labels that specialized in Chicago blues. The most famous being Chess Records, which produced Checker Records, a subsidiary (Gordon, n.d.). Chess Records was founded in 1950 by the brothers Phil and Leonard Chess (Gordon, n.d.). The oldest independent record label in the United States is Delmark Records, which was formed by Bob Koester in 1953 as Delmar and specializes in jazz and blues music (Gordon, n.d.). The top blues music label today is considered Alligator Records, launched by Bruce Iglauer in 1971, and still discovers and supports new talent in the blues and blues-rock genres (Gordon, n.d.). After the war, a big part of blues popularization were black-appeal disc jockeys, such as Al Benson and Big Bill Hill, who made sure that records released by Chess and other labels received public exposure (Green, n.d.). A number of blues musicians were among the people who migrated to Chicago. The most famous, and the first virtuoso, of the bottleneck/slide guitarists was Houston Tampa Red Woodbridge, who arrived in Chicago, from Florida, in 1925 and was one of the first black instrumentalists to make a recording. Unlike other southern bluesmen, whose playing was modal and in minor keys, Tampa Reds shimmering, clean style was influenced by ragtime and jug bands (Scaruffi, 2007). Big Bill Broonzy, also known as the star of Blues 4 Chicago, arrived in 1928, was known also among white audiences as far as New York (Scaruffi, 2007). Lizzie Memphis Minnie Douglas, a female guitarist, arrived in Chicago in 1933 (Scaruffi, 2007). Tampa Red, Big Bill Broonzy, and Memphis Minnie were among the first generation of Chicago blues artists, and they paved the way for newcomers like Muddy Waters, Little Walter, and B.B. King (Gordon, n.d.). The distinctive sound of these artists restructured popular music, providing fundamental elements for subsequent genres like soul and rock and roll (Green, n.d.). During the 1970s, new blues musicians were coming out and there were many styles of Chicago Urban Blues (Chicago Blues Foundation, 1996). During the 1940s, famous clubs such as Silvios, Gatewoods Tavern, the Flame Club, and the 708 opened up on the South Side and the West Side, serving as community centers for arriving migrants (Green, n.d.). In the late 1970s and early 1980s, control of the clubs began to pass from the original neighborhood owners or management to other interests and some of the Chicago Urban Blues legends began to pass away, and a rich part of blues history passed too (Chicago Blues Foundation, 1996). Old clubs have been joined by new businesses serving the tourist industry and predominantly white fans of blues (Green, n.d.). In 1975, Chess went out of business, by which time most older clubs were closing down (Green, n.d.). In 1984 Chicago inaugurated an annual blues festival (Green, n.d.). Blues is an African-American music that transverses a wide range of emotions and musical styles. Feeling blue is expressed in songs whose verses lament injustice or express longing for a better life, and lost loves, jobs, and money. But blues is also a raucous dance Blues 5 music that celebrates pleasure and success. Central to the idea of blues performance is the concept that, by performing or listening to the blues, one is able to overcome sadness and lose the blues (What Is the Blues, n.d.). For the performance part of my project, I went to Warmdaddys in Philadelphia on April 8th, 2011 to see Brass Heaven featuring Jeff Bradshaw. They definitely were not playing dinner time music. The instruments they used included an amplified bass, an electric guitar, trombones, the flugelhorn, a trumpet, a saxophone, drums, bongos, a cow bell, and chimes. They used all the instruments used in Chicago blues, except for the piano and they had a few extra instruments. I felt like it had a little Afro-Cuban mixed in with the congos, cow bell, and chimes. Parts had a little bit of a Latin feel. They had a marching band feel to them and even came off stage and went marching around all the tables. The loud trombone made it sound like a high school marching band. The white guy playing the saxophone was really good. I had never heard anyone play the trombone like that. They did a lot of solos. They had fast tempos that made you want to get up and dance. The atmosphere was a very welcoming and relaxed. The food was amazing. They had real southern cuisine. It was a new experience for me. It truly was a real southern rhythm and blues experience. I had a lot of fun and would definitely go back.

He Who Farts Hard Farts Loudest :: miscellaneous

He Who Farts Hard Farts Loudest Why cant a weapon be developed upon the flatulence of man. Why do people continue to spray air freshener in the toilet despite making it worse? Nobody knows. It may just well be the nature of man. Males, when it comes to flatulence would undoubtedly be the dominant species between the two. We are the masters of dropping our lunch, letting it rip or whatever you prefer to call it. Don't you just love it when somebody lets of flatulence right in your proximity? The little fart particles are just like little F18 Interceptors, flying through the air and targeting your nasal passages. Then they lock on and fire those M15 stink missiles right up there and then you're your own worst enemy. You breathe in and you suck someone else's foul gas into your own lungs, which mixes in your own bloodstream. Someone dropping their lunch is like a dog marking their territory inside your body. There's nothing worse than when someone goes to the toilet and leaves their utter stench of last nights meal behind them. Then, it always happens, they think they can make it all better by spraying some air freshener. Instead of making things better, they get worse. The air condition goes from unbearable to lethal. When the stench particles combine with the air freshener, it makes a deadly mask that seems to forever hang. Even napalm gas is better than this. Overall, there are currently only seven commonly know types of flatulence around the world. The silentus fartius, showerus fartius, motorus fartius, explodius fartius, runnius fartius, squeakius fartius and the good old Dutch oven. Humans are constantly known to evolve but what isn't mentioned is that the commonly known fart has also evolved. Back in the days of good old England, there was only the petite fart. But now those weaklings have evolved into such beasts as the explosion fart (explodius fartius) and lethal strains such as the silent but violent fart (silentus fartius). There is a very old primitive type of flatulence that is still common today known as the squeaker. These usually occur in schools when students try to hold it in but it squeezes its way through, to the outside world. Whilst all humans may try, many are unable to control their flatulence, no matter what the circumstances are. It's like it has a mind of its own.

He Who Farts Hard Farts Loudest :: miscellaneous

He Who Farts Hard Farts Loudest Why cant a weapon be developed upon the flatulence of man. Why do people continue to spray air freshener in the toilet despite making it worse? Nobody knows. It may just well be the nature of man. Males, when it comes to flatulence would undoubtedly be the dominant species between the two. We are the masters of dropping our lunch, letting it rip or whatever you prefer to call it. Don't you just love it when somebody lets of flatulence right in your proximity? The little fart particles are just like little F18 Interceptors, flying through the air and targeting your nasal passages. Then they lock on and fire those M15 stink missiles right up there and then you're your own worst enemy. You breathe in and you suck someone else's foul gas into your own lungs, which mixes in your own bloodstream. Someone dropping their lunch is like a dog marking their territory inside your body. There's nothing worse than when someone goes to the toilet and leaves their utter stench of last nights meal behind them. Then, it always happens, they think they can make it all better by spraying some air freshener. Instead of making things better, they get worse. The air condition goes from unbearable to lethal. When the stench particles combine with the air freshener, it makes a deadly mask that seems to forever hang. Even napalm gas is better than this. Overall, there are currently only seven commonly know types of flatulence around the world. The silentus fartius, showerus fartius, motorus fartius, explodius fartius, runnius fartius, squeakius fartius and the good old Dutch oven. Humans are constantly known to evolve but what isn't mentioned is that the commonly known fart has also evolved. Back in the days of good old England, there was only the petite fart. But now those weaklings have evolved into such beasts as the explosion fart (explodius fartius) and lethal strains such as the silent but violent fart (silentus fartius). There is a very old primitive type of flatulence that is still common today known as the squeaker. These usually occur in schools when students try to hold it in but it squeezes its way through, to the outside world. Whilst all humans may try, many are unable to control their flatulence, no matter what the circumstances are. It's like it has a mind of its own.

He Who Farts Hard Farts Loudest :: miscellaneous

He Who Farts Hard Farts Loudest Why cant a weapon be developed upon the flatulence of man. Why do people continue to spray air freshener in the toilet despite making it worse? Nobody knows. It may just well be the nature of man. Males, when it comes to flatulence would undoubtedly be the dominant species between the two. We are the masters of dropping our lunch, letting it rip or whatever you prefer to call it. Don't you just love it when somebody lets of flatulence right in your proximity? The little fart particles are just like little F18 Interceptors, flying through the air and targeting your nasal passages. Then they lock on and fire those M15 stink missiles right up there and then you're your own worst enemy. You breathe in and you suck someone else's foul gas into your own lungs, which mixes in your own bloodstream. Someone dropping their lunch is like a dog marking their territory inside your body. There's nothing worse than when someone goes to the toilet and leaves their utter stench of last nights meal behind them. Then, it always happens, they think they can make it all better by spraying some air freshener. Instead of making things better, they get worse. The air condition goes from unbearable to lethal. When the stench particles combine with the air freshener, it makes a deadly mask that seems to forever hang. Even napalm gas is better than this. Overall, there are currently only seven commonly know types of flatulence around the world. The silentus fartius, showerus fartius, motorus fartius, explodius fartius, runnius fartius, squeakius fartius and the good old Dutch oven. Humans are constantly known to evolve but what isn't mentioned is that the commonly known fart has also evolved. Back in the days of good old England, there was only the petite fart. But now those weaklings have evolved into such beasts as the explosion fart (explodius fartius) and lethal strains such as the silent but violent fart (silentus fartius). There is a very old primitive type of flatulence that is still common today known as the squeaker. These usually occur in schools when students try to hold it in but it squeezes its way through, to the outside world. Whilst all humans may try, many are unable to control their flatulence, no matter what the circumstances are. It's like it has a mind of its own.

Determinants of Health Inequity and Significance to Public Health

The move to promote social justice extends that of public health service in what we now deem as eradicating ‘health inequity. ’Contemporary public health has now evolved such that the scope not only covers merely that of sanitation, diet regulation, disease treatment and quarantine/control but also, on the deeper scope, finding roots of the socioeconomic problems associated with morbidity, mortality and the likes and eliminating or targetshooting the cause. Such resolution would necessitate finding out the fundamental causes of the differential health determinants along the scope of social gradient. Cohort studies on mortality and ‘deprivation’ used to analyze the relation on conditions between populations with different socioeconomic statuses and Chalmers and Capewell (2001) reveals that deprived people die from the same conditions as affluent people but earlier in terms of years or lifespan. But is deprivation merely a way of reducing the elements of health inequity? Scott (2005) illustrated the â€Å"layman† analysis on health inequity in the US. As a first world country, the economic state is considerably well-off compared to other states but there exists disparities in health care which is embedded both in the concurrent social system and the economic and health care policies. Scott exemplified the ‘disparities’ using three persons from different social strata with heart disease. It is not known if the ‘personas’ used by Scott were ‘real’ or ‘factual’ but the personas—John Miele (upper class Manhattan architect), Will Wilson (middle class office worker), and Ewa Rycnzac (lower class housekeeper) —do illustrate a window of social ladder and take us deeper into retrospective of the degree of health care accession and social approach these ‘personas’ are receiving. Classes predetermine the fate of health of the members of the state. The differences between accessions of health care are blatant; upper class John would have more chances of being healthy or, on the least, more liable to have the best of health care compared to Wilson and Ewa. Several elements are directly associated with the role of class in the health circumstances, ‘heart attack’, of the three personas: (a) location and accession to the best and afforded health service available; (2) education and income associated to health care accession; and (3) stress based on job types and control(4) social and networking and support of families and relatives. The ‘advantageous’ state is directly related to health outcomes and probability of survival. Herein, the high socioeconomic status enjoyed by Wilson gives him the capacity to act on his disability. In retrospect, there would be depreciation of ‘capacity’ or ‘advantage’ as the individual climbs below the social ladder. We note here that socioeconomic status and social gradient denotes ‘relativity’ (Lynch 2000) in health equity. Thus, we can say that there is an empirical element in this particular social injustice. Scott (2005) merely enunciated perceptions of health inequity and did not dwell deeper into the structural causes of inequality. What is exactly the linkage between socioeconomic statuses (SES) and social gradient on public health? According to Lynch (2000), the causal relation between income inequity and health can be best explained by neomaterial interpretation —differential accumulation of exposures and experiences that have their sources in the material world—and differences in individual income. Herein, the neomaterial interpretation dabbles on a the thought that the conglomeration of ‘negative exposures’ and ‘lack of resources’ held by individuals, along with systematic underinvestment across a wide range of human, physical, health, and social infrastructure. Lynch’s explanation reveals not only the an explanation of health inequity but also the aggravation of several social dilemmas which, naturally, pulls social justice down. Additionally, it is also noted here is that Lynch (2000) disposed the idea of psychosocial effect to explain the social crux. Marmot (2002) the epidemiological perspective on health inequity and Lynch (2000), he also stipulated the role of ‘income’ or ‘resources’ in health inequity. He added that: †¦income is causally associated with health through a direct effect on the material conditions necessary for biological survival, and through an effect on social participation and opportunity to control life circumstances (p. 31) He attributed the health inequity to poor material conditions and lack of social participation. Poor material conditions have been atypified above in the case of Scott (2000) and the different personas that he used to illustrate ‘dis/advantages’ within the social ladder. Marmot (2002) explained this ‘resource availability’ in terms of threshold; an individual and his ability to become a recipient of health care [services] indirectly depends on the range of resources. A typical resource is the income of the individual. Incomes relatively determine the amount of ‘spending’ or investments individuals attribute to health care. Poverty is, again, not the cause of health inequity. Other factors like ignorance, condition/type of the immediate community, and other exogenous factors (e. g. disease-related factors) correlate directly to health inequity. Although Marmot (2002) refused to acknowledge that it may also stem from ‘deprivation’, I contend that it is affected by it. Suffice it is to say that the standard of living is indirectly affected by resources then ‘deprivation’ affects public health. What the government, the public and all the individuals concerned should accomplish is to utilize the knowledge on fundamentals of health inequity, to create intervention tactics to combat the problem. In an attempt to reduce the effects of the destructive social gradient pre-existing within the community, Marmot (20002) exaggeratedly suggested ‘income redistribution. ’ The approach was obviously non-feasible and non-pragmatic and would defy the economic and political foundations of the state. What would be more feasible is creating policies that would, on the least, reduce the gaps between the advantageous ‘higher income’ strata and the lower echelons of the society.

Varting Effects of Drugs - 2964 Words

LITERATURE REVIEW PAPER Literature Review Paper Mitchell Adair Advanced General Psychology PSY492 A01 Argosy University 1 Each class of drugs has a property that is very distinguishing, and drugs that are within each class more than often produces effects that are similar. However, all substances that are controlled, despite of their class, share quite a few number of features that are common. This introduction will familiarize you with these features that are shared as well as define them in terms that are associated frequently with these drugs. All substances that are controlled have abuse that is potential or are precursors that†¦show more content†¦This definition is implying a loss of control in regards to drug use, and the addict will more than likely continue to use their drug of choice even though consequences that are social as well as medical arise. In the year of 2009, more than 20 million people in the United States who were the ages of 12 and older were current users of drugs that are illicit, meaning they had used the illicit drug during 30 days before the surveyed interview. This estimate represents more than 8 percent of the population that are the age of 12 and older. Drugs that are illicit include heroin, cocaine/crack, inhalants, hallucinogens, marijuana, psychotherapeutics that are prescription type not used medically. (USDHHS, 2010). Drugs that are within a certain class more than often compared with one another when it comes to terms such as efficacy as well as potency. When it comes to potency it is referring to the amount of a drug that must be taken in order to produce an effect that is desired, however efficacy refers to whether or not a drug has